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Objective: To analyze the vaccination status of SARS-CoV-2 in children, and explore the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and COVID-19 in children. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 335 cases of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection from February 15, 2022 to March 18, 2022 in Shenzhen Third People's Hospital. Results: Among 335 children with SARS-CoV-2 infection, 174(51.9%) cases were vaccinated with the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine;33(31.4%) cases were vaccinated in the 3-<6 years old group;141(61.3%) cases were vaccinated in the 6-<14 years old group. There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination between the 6-<14 years old group and the 3-<6 years old group (X2=26.1, P < 0.05). In the study cohort, 3-<6 years old group and 6-<14 years old group, there was no significant difference in the incidence of COVID-19 in the vaccinated group compared with the unvaccinated group (P > 0.05). In the study cohort, the proportion of confirmed cases of 1 dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and 2 doses or more of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was 89.5% (68 cases) and 77.6% (76 cases), respectively;in the 6~<14 years old group, the proportion of confirmed cases of 1 dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and 2 doses or more of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was 90.0% (54 cases) and 76.5% (62 cases), respectively;the differences were statistically significant (X2=4.264, P < 0.05;X2=4.279, P < 0.05). The IgG levels of 18.28 (6.61, 55.2) AU/mL and 58.3 (25.85, 131.41) AU/mL in the study cohort who were vaccinated for 1 dose, 2 doses and more, respectively;the IgG levels of 20.13 (8.33, 44.33) AU/mL and 56.57 (25.85, 150.07) AU/mL in the 6~<14 years old group who were vaccinated for 1 dose, 2 doses and more, respectively;and the differences were statistically significant (Z=-4.37, P < 0.05;Z=-3.96, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Children who received 2 doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine have a lower incidence of COVID-19 and higher levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies compared with who received 1 dose. It is recommended that children are advised to be vaccinated against the COVID-19.
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Objective: To analyze and compare the effects of different clinical characteristics on the negative conversion time of nucleic acid detection after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant infection, and to provide a scientific basis for the isolation and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The epidemiological and clinical data of 228 mild SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infected patients diagnosed in Shanghai were retrospectively collected from April 27, 2022 to June 8, 2022 in Wujiaochang designated Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai. The negative conversion time of nucleic acid detection was used as the outcome variable, and the patients were divided into A (18 days) and B (>18 days). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of the negative conversion time of nucleic acid detection. Results: The mean nucleic acid conversion time of 228 patients was (18.7+or-12.1) d, with the median time of 18 (2-46) d. Among them, 120 patients in group A had an average nucleic acid conversion time of (13.2+or-2.0) d, and 108 cases in group B had an average nucleic acid conversion time of (20.8+or-1.3) d. Univariate analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the effects of hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, hypokalemia, malignant tumors, neuropsychiatric diseases, chronic digestive diseases on the negative nucleic acid conversion time (P > 0.05);however, there were significant differences in the effects of combined cerebrovascular disease, leukopenia, chronic respiratory system diseases and vaccination on the negative nucleic acid conversion time (P < 0.05). Further multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the combination of chronic respiratory diseases and non-vaccination were significant risk factors for prolongation of negative nucleic acid conversion time (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study show that gender, age and whether hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypokalemia, malignant tumor, neuropsychiatric disease and chronic digestive disease have no significant effect on the nucleic acid conversion time, whereas chronic respiratory disease and no vaccination are significantly correlated with the prolongation of nucleic acid conversion time in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-infected patients.
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Introduction: Patients' negligence and difficult access to healthcare have an impact on the worsening of emergency conditions, which require immediate treatment due to the possibility of exacerbation in a short period of time. Untreated intra- and extraoral abscesses can have serious consequences on the patient's health and in many cases are life-threatening conditions increasing risk of respiratory obstruction, thrombophlebitis, meningitis, mediastinitis and septicemia. Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the pandemic and the resulting impediments to accessing medical care on the incidence and type of emergencies in the Oral Surgery Department. Material and methods: This was a retrospective study of 85375 patients aged 2 months to 90 years old with diagnosed intra- and extraoral abscesses before COVID-19 pandemic (2018,2019), and during pandemic (2020, 2021) in the Department of Oral Surgery of the Medical University in Lublin. The obtained results were statistically analyzed with the use of a computer program. Conclusions: The fewest patients were admitted in 2020, and the most in 2021, where we can already see the effects of the pandemic. Emergencies occurred most frequently in people aged 21-30, then 31-40. In 365 cases, tooth extraction was performed, and only in 28 cases, root canal treatment was attempted. Conclusions. Oral health service provision has been significantly affected by COVID-19. Patients came to their appointments too late, which in most cases resulted in the necessity of tooth extraction without attempting root canal treatment.
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Supply chain managers are forced to develop crisis-induced strategies due to the complexity of crises, as opposed to the more traditional strategies that prioritize competitive priorities. The increasing frequency and severity of recent crises, such as the coronavirus outbreaks, widespread product recalls, and financial crises, highlight the need for introspective and retrospective socio-economic insights on the contexts, priorities, and themes of supply chain management in times of crisis. This article's goal is to review the literature on supply chain management during times of crisis, organizing the relevant body of scholarly work in a systematic way, outlining current research methodologies, capturing strategic priorities and themes of complexity in research studies, and highlighting opportunities for additional research. Four factors for restorative priorities are identified by the review, which is based on a systematic analysis of 250 academic publications from 1996 to 2021 and reflects operations strategy in times of crisis: Critical supplies with important services, prompt action with restoration, safety with security, and traceability with transparency are just a few examples. The analysis also reveals that network configurations and business cycle complexity, optimal choices and provisioning system complexity, complicated learning processes and demand forecast are all sources of operational complexity during crises. The build-to-cycle, organic capabilities, and operational mindfulness framings for supply chain management in emergency situations are suggested with the use of review insights. The article ends with suggestions for future research on supply chain improvements, diagnosis, solidarity, mapping, temporariness, and thresholds, as well as optimal selection issues on connecting crisis network allocations with cross-functionalities and connecting crisis systems investments with liabilities.
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Patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and with high mortality rates due to Coronavirus disease 2019, mainly because of the older age in this group of patients, comorbidities, compromised immune status due to uremia, as well as inability to keep social isolation because of the necessity for regular physical presence in dialysis facility. Several retrospective studies of patients on MHD in Europe, America and Asia, show high susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 in this group of patients with very high rates of critical course of the disease and high mortality rates, reaching more than 40% The aim of this retrospective observational study was to identify risk factors among patients on intermittent hemodialysis for infection with SARS-CoV-2 as well as predictors of severe COVID-19 and fatal outcome. Materials and methods. We analyzed 69 patients receiving intermittent dialysis in Aleksandrovska University Hospital - Hemodialysis Unit. 34 of them have been tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in the period from September 2020 (when the first case of the disease was registered for our dialysis center) up to March 2022, and are compared with a control group of 35 dialysis-dependent patients without COVID-19. Data about comorbidities, main laboratory and radiologic findings, need of hospitalization and treatment in ICU, as well as data for conducted treatment, are collected from electronic medical records. To identify predictors of severe COVID and poor outcome we compared the group of survivors with the one of non-survivors. Results. There are no significant differences between patients on MHD with and without COVID-19 except higher frequency of COPD and hypoproteinemia in the positive group. Older age, female gender, history of smoking, lymphopenia with neutrophilia, treatment in ICU and need of mechanical ventilation, signs of malnutrition - hypoproteinemia and lower levels of serum creatinine, are risk factors for severe disease and fatal outcomes. Conclusions. The course of COVID infection in dialysis-dependent patients is severe and with high mortality rate, in line with other studies worldwide. Malnutrition is the main risk factor for COVID and also main predictor for poor outcomes.
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Introduction: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that commonly involved the respiratory system. However, the virus can affect any organ in the body including the liver. Hepatic involvement in COVID-19 could be related to the direct cytopathic effect of the virus, an uncontrolled immune reaction, sepsis, or drug-induced liver injury. Background: The current study aims to evaluate the relevance of liver enzyme derangement in COVID-19. Methods: The sample size of 165 patients, tested positive for covid 19 and underwent liver enzyme testing. These patients were categorized into mild, severe, and critical diseases based on clinical evaluation, radiological findings, and biochemical parameters. Results: Of 165 patients selected 103 (62.4%) have mild disease, 40(24.2%) have severe and 12(7.2%) suffered from the critical disease. 48(29.1%) patients show deranged liver function. 83.3% of critical patients and 45% of severe patients show deranged liver function.9.09%of patients died due to severe COVID-19 infections showing moderately to severe liver function derangement. Conclusions: This study concludes that the severity of COVID-19 disease may increase due to chronic liver disease, particularly fatty liver. Atypical ALT and AST levels during hospitalization were indicative of liver injury and correlated with the severity of patients.
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Background: In the context of home monitoring of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 disease (COVID-19) patients, it is imperative to evaluate the accuracy of finger pulse oximetry oxygen saturation (SpO2) in the assessment of hypoxia. Methods: Retrospective data analysis was performed on (n = 132) hospitalised COVID-19 patients with various levels of severity, in whom SpO2, haematological, biochemical and arterial blood gas (ABG) parameters were measured within 48 h after admission. Discrepancy between SpO2 and arterial blood oxygen saturation SaO2 was compared between mild, moderate and severe COVID-19 to assess the accuracy of finger pulse oximetry. Results: We found that total white blood cell count, neutrophil %, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, ferritin, C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly increased in severe COVID-19, while lymphocyte % was significantly less when compared to mild and moderate cases. Multivariable analysis suggested that red cell distribution width (RDW) and LDH together account for significant variance in the severity of disease. The SpO2 and SaO2 were significantly less in the severe group. The difference between SpO2 and SaO2 has a clinically meaningful albeit statistically nonsignificant trend with the discrepancy greater in severe COVID-19 cases when compared to mild and moderate cases. Conclusions: Finger pulse oximetry has the potential to underestimate the severity of hypoxia in severe COVID-19 and this has implications in the decision to start oxygen therapy. RDW and LDH constitute the best parsimonious set of variables to predict severity.
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Introduction: Information on the cardiac manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is scarce. In this study we assessed the echocardiogram of consecutive patients with COVID-19 infection to assess the frequency of cardiac abnormalities. Materials and Methods: This retrospective descriptive study examined the echocardiographic study of 43 patients with severe and critical COVID-19 infection admitted at the ICU of Chitwan Medical College from May 16, 2021 to June 05, 2021. The study focused on left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) function. The results were then compared between severe and critical infections to examine if any differences exist between them. Results: The mean age of the study population was 54 years and predominately males. One-third were classified as critical COVID-19 while the remaining were severe COVID-19. Majority(83.7%) had a normal echocardiogram. Among the patients with abnormal reports, the distribution of echocardiographic pattern were biventricular dilation with biventricular dysfunction in two patients (4.6%), LV dialtion with LV dysfunction in two patients (4.6%) and isolated LV dysfunction (diastolic and systolic) in three patients (6.9%). None of the echocardiographic parameters were significantly different between the severe and the critical infection. Conclusion: COVID-19 in primarily a respiratory disease and the cardiac complications is largely attributed to the critical nature of the illness than the specific infection. Considering the risk of infection spread, routine echocardiography for all patients with COVID-19 infection is not advisable.
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OBJECTIVE: Field hospitals, also known as alternative care sites, have been an important healthcare reinforcement during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worldwide. In the Valencian Community, three of these hospitals were opened, one for each province. Our study aimed to make a comprehensive analysis of this resource in Castellon. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was carried out with an analytical and statistical component of 3 aspects: infrastructure, satisfaction and clinical data from COVID-positive hospitalized patients. The sources of information were primary, institutional for the infrastructure and personal for the satisfaction surveys and clinical data. RESULTS: A set of 6x3 metres polyvalent tents was chosen, which joined formed a single-floor area of about 3.500 m2. Although hospital opened for approximately a year and a half with multiple uses, most in relation to the COVID pandemic (vaccination center, emergency room observation, hospital assistance, warehouse...), reception of positive patients for the virus began during the third wave of the pandemic, remaining active for eleven days. A total of thirty-one patients with a mean age of 56 years were admitted. 41.9% did not have any comorbidity and 54.8% needed treatment with oxygen therapy. Furthermore, the length of stay was three days, finding a significant relationship between this one, the oxygen flow required during admission and the age. Satisfaction was measured by a survey of seventeen questions where an average satisfaction of 8.33/10. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the few studies in the literature in which a field hospital is analyzed from such different points of view. After this analysis, it is concluded that it is an extraordinary and temporary resource whose use is useful without reflecting an increase of morbidity/mortality among our patients and with a very favorable subjective assessment.
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Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 infection has affected more than 683 million people worldwide with 6.8 million deaths. Unfortunately, Bulgaria is one of the most severely affected European Union (EU) member-states with one of the highest mortality rates. Aim: The study aims to provide a description of the demographic characteristics, discharge rate, and fatality rate of COVID-19-diagnosed patients in one region of Central South Bulgaria in 2021. Materials and methods: A retrospective nested case series study was conducted among patients hospitalized with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection between January 1st and December 31st, 2021. Anonymized patient data on age, sex, admission and discharge dates, treatment, and the outcome was collected from hospital electronic patient records and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Data from 1630 (51% male) patients were identified. The mean age was 63.64 years (+or-15.23). 1342 (82%) of the patients were discharged. The mean age of the diseased was 70.88 years (+or-10.05). 1455 (89%) patients received only symptomatic therapy, 155 (10%) patients were treated with remdesivir (VekluryR), 11 (1%) patients were treated with casirivimab/imdevimab (RonapreveR) and 9 (1%) patients were administered regdanvimab (RegkironaR). Conclusions: The study results demonstrate that Bulgarian patients with COVID-19 were treated according to the best global and national evidencebased guidelines. Lethality and discharge rates are in concordance with global trends and outcomes.
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OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 has tried out global health causing high mortality. There are some risk factors that associate greater severity and mortality from COVID-19;but their individual impact is unknown yet. There are also no fixed criteria for hospital admission. For this reason, this study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 and create predictive models for the risk of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19. METHODS: A descriptive retrospective cohort study was made in Talavera de la Reina (Toledo, Spain). Data were collected through computerized records of Primary Care, Emergencies and Hospitalization. The sample consisted of 275 patients over eighteen years old diagnosed with COVID-19 in a centralized laboratory from March 1st to May 31st, 2020. Analysis was carried on using SPSS, creating two predictive models for the risk of hospitalization and death using linear regression. RESULTS: The probability of hospitalization increased independently with polypharmacy (OR 1.086;CI95% 1.009-1.169), the Charlson index (OR 1.613;CI95% 1.158-2.247), the history of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (OR 4.358;95% CI 1.114-17.051) and the presence of COVID symptoms (OR 7.001;95% CI 2.805-17.475). The probability of death was independently associated with age, increasing 8.1% (OD 1.081;95% CI 1.054- 1.110) for each year of the patient. CONCLUSIONS: Comorbidity, polypharmacy, history of AMI and the presence of COVID-19 symptoms predict the risk of hospitalization. The age of individuals predicts the risk of death. Detecting patients at high risk of hospitalization and death allows us to define the target population and define measures to implement.
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Introduction: Mosquito-borne diseases have historically affected communities, especially in tropical areas where mosquitoes and illnesses are endemic. Globalization, climate change, and increased travel have created ideal conditions for outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases that could threaten the American health system and place a burden on the national economy, especially in southern states. Methods: The study adopts a quantitative cross-sectional design with a retrospective survey carried out using the Pollfish platform in June 2022. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hierarchical multiple regression to assess the three hypotheses: (H1) Chikungunya awareness is related to sociodemographic factors;(H2) Wearing long sleeves and pants is related to (a) Chikungunya awareness and (b) information-seeking behaviors, when controlling for sociodemographic variables;(H3) Use of insect repellents is related to (a) Chikungunya awareness and (b) information-seeking behaviors when controlling for sociodemographic variables. Results: The results highlight the relationships between chikungunya's awareness, information-seeking behavior, and willingness to engage in protective behaviors. 45.91% of the participants mentioned not having heard about chikungunya, and 67.07% of respondents had sought information about mosquito-borne illnesses in the past, 55.9% have looked at the U.S. State Department's website for mosquito-borne diseases, 38.32% have visited the U.S. CDC website for information specifically about chikungunya. Conclusions: The results of this study show that most American travelers are unaware of chikungunya and its mode of transmission. Travel could likely introduce the chikungunya virus to the United States. Despite increased health information-seeking behavior among U.S. residents after the Covid19 pandemic, Chikungunya awareness is low.
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Background: Adequate glycemic control improves the prognosis of patients hospitalized for pneumonia associated with severe COVID-19. Objective: To evaluate the impact of hyperglycemia (HG) on the prognosis of patients hospitalized for severe pneumonia associated with COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients. Material and methods: Prospective cohort study. We included patients hospitalized from August 2020 to February 2021, with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, not vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Data was collected from admission to discharge. We used descriptive and analytical statistics according to the data distribution. ROC curves were used to determine the cut-off points with the highest predictive performance for HG and mortality, with the IBM SPSS program, version 25. Results: We included 103 patients, 32% women, 68% men, age 57 +/- 13 years;58% were admitted with HG (191, IQR 152-300 mg/dL) and 42% with normoglycemia (NG < 126 mg/dL). Mortality was higher in HG at admission 34 (56.7%) than in NG 13 (30.2%) (p = 0.008). HG was associated with diabetes mellitus 2 and neutrophilia (p < 0.05). The risk of death increases 1.558 times (95% CI 1.118-2.172) if HG is at admission and 1.43 times (95% CI 1.14-1.79) during hospitalization. Maintaining NG throughout the hospitalization contributed independently to survival (RR = 0.083 [95% CI 0.012-0.571], p = 0.011). Conclusion: HG significantly impacts prognosis by increasing mortality more than 50% during hospitalization for COVID-19. Copyright © 2023 Revista Medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
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Background: This study investigates the clinical characteristics of the first confirmed cases of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in Bahrain. Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study including the first 247 confirmed cases in Bahrain. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from electronic medical records. Results: Mean Standard Deviation (SD) age of patients was 44.15 (16.5) years. More males were affected by the disease (61%;151/274). Mean (SD) of the duration between confirmation and discharge was 9.8 (5.1) days. Of 247 patients, 4 deaths were reported (1.6%);17.5% (24/137) showed a temperature of >37- on admission, with 4% (6/148) yielding an oxygen saturation of 94% or less. Leukopenia was reported in 36.8% of patients (63/171). One quarter of patients (25.5%) received oseltamivir, 24.7% received hydroxychloroquine sulfate (24.7%), and 1.2% received steroids. Conclusion: In this study, the authors have captured the epidemiological and clinical profiles of the first cases of COVID-19 pertaining to the first wave of the pandemic in Bahrain. The early strict measures may have contributed to the lower incidence as well as lower morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 infection in Bahrain. Major gaps in our knowledge of the clinical spectrum of COVID-19 and its prognosis, outcomes, and associated risk factors indicate the need for further research.
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Introduction. According to International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2040, about 3 million new cases of breast cancer (BC) are predicted and about 1 million women are expected to die from this pathology. The aim of the study to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the indicators of the oncological service for breast cancer in Kazakhstan. Material and research methods. The main method was a retrospective study using descriptive, analytical methods of biomedical statistics and data of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan - form No.7 and 35 regarding BC (ICD 10 - C50) for 2011-2020. Results. For 2011-2020 42,376 new cases of BC and 12,914 deaths from this pathology were registered. The average annual crude incidence rate was 46.4+or-1.10/0000 (95%CI=44.3-48.5), and increased from 40.8+or-0.70/0000 (2011) to 51 .3+or-0.70/0000 in 2019 and then decrease to 44.2+or-0.70/0000 in 2020 (p<0.001). In dynamics, mortality rates tended to (p<0.001) decrease from 16.1+or-0.40/0000 (2009) to 11.9+or-0.40/0000 in 2019 and 11.5+or- 0.40/0000 in 2020, and the average annual crude mortality rate was 14.2+or-0.60/0000 (95%CI=13.1-15.3). Indicators of early diagnosis (stage I-II) improved from 73.4% (2011) to 86.9% in 2019, and decreased to 84.2% in 2020. Proportion of patients with stage III decreased (from 20.9% in 2011 to 8.4% in 2019 and to 10.0% in 2020) and stage IV (from 5.6% to 4.2% and 5.0%, respectively), i.e. neglect rates are declining. The indicators of morphological verification improved from 95.7% to 99.4% over the years. Conclusions. As a result of the analysis, an improvement in the indicators of morphological verification, early diagnosis, a decrease in the neglect and mortality rates were established. The trends in 2011-2019 differed significantly from the period from 2011-2020, which is due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the registration of BC.
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INTRODUCTION. Moderate to severe respiratory distress among patients with COVID-19 is associated with a high mortality. This study evaluated ventilator support and mortality by Do Intubate (DI) or Do Not Intubate (DNI) orders. METHODS. This was a retrospective study of patients with COVID-19 and a supplemental oxygen requirement of 15 l/min. The patients were divided into two groups corresponding to the first and second wave of COVID-19 and were subsequently further divided according to DI and DNI orders and analysed regarding need of ventilator support and mortality. RESULTS. The study included 178 patients. The mortality was 24% for patients with DI orders (n = 115) and 81% for patients with DNI orders (n = 63) increasing to 98% (n = 46) for patients with DNI orders and very high flow oxygen requirements ( 30 l/min.). From the first to the second wave of COVID-19, the use of constant continuous positive airway pressure (cCPAP) increased from 71% to 91% (p < 0.001), whereas the use of mechanical ventilation decreased from 54% to 28% (odds ratio = 0.38 (95% confidence interval: 0.17-0.85)). CONCLUSION. The mortality was high for patients with DNI orders and respiratory distress with very high levels in supplemental oxygen in both the first and second wave of COVID-19 despite an increase in use of cCPAP and treatment with dexamethasone and remdesivir during the second wave. Hence, careful evaluation on transition to palliative care must be considered for these patients.
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OBJECTIVE: Field hospitals, also known as alternative care sites, have been an important healthcare reinforcement during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worldwide. In the Valencian Community, three of these hospitals were opened, one for each province. Our study aimed to make a comprehensive analysis of this resource in Castellon. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was carried out with an analytical and statistical component of 3 aspects: infrastructure, satisfaction and clinical data from COVID-positive hospitalized patients. The sources of information were primary, institutional for the infrastructure and personal for the satisfaction surveys and clinical data. RESULTS: A set of 6x3 metres polyvalent tents was chosen, which joined formed a single-floor area of about 3.500 m(2). Although hospital opened for approximately a year and a half with multiple uses, most in relation to the COVID pandemic (vaccination center, emergency room observation, hospital assistance, warehouse...), reception of positive patients for the virus began during the third wave of the pandemic, remaining active for eleven days. A total of thirty-one patients with a mean age of 56 years were admitted. 41.9% did not have any comorbidity and 54.8% needed treatment with oxygen therapy. Furthermore, the length of stay was three days, finding a significant relationship between this one, the oxygen flow required during admission and the age. Satisfaction was measured by a survey of seventeen questions where an average satisfaction of 8.33/10. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the few studies in the literature in which a field hospital is analyzed from such different points of view. After this analysis, it is concluded that it is an extraordinary and temporary resource whose use is useful without reflecting an increase of morbidity/mortality among our patients and with a very favorable subjective assessment.
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Objective: To investigate the chest computed tomography (CT) manifestations and dynamic changes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the patients younger than 18 years old infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant, and to provide a basis for determining the chest CT changes and efficacy of COVID-19 caused by Omicron virus variant in patients younger than 18 years old. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 30 cases of patients younger than 18 years old infected with COVID-19 Omicron variant, who admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen from February 11 to March 26, 2022 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The clinical manifestations, imaging features and dynamic changes of lesions were summarized. Results A total of 41 intrapulmonary lesions in 30 patients with COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. The main manifestations were patchy or nodular ground-glass opacities and/or consolidation, with focal subpleural distribution, lesions mainly occur in the right lung (70.73%, 29/41). There were 42 lesion morphologies, with 22 (52.38%) striped shadows and 16 (38.10%) nodular shadows, with small lamellar and patchy shadows predominating. There were 36 lesion density variations, with ground glass shadows being the most common, with a total of 24 ground glass shadows (66.66%) in each lobe of the lung, and also 6 consolidation lesions (16.67%) and 6 mixed ground glass opacity and consolidation lesions (16.67%). With the progression of the disease, lesions gradually enlarged, appeared on the 2nd day (312.93 mm3), peaked on the 9th day (1 837.18 mm3). The average absorption time of the lesions was (16+or-3) days, and there was no significant difference between the absorption time of patchy and nodular lesions (ground glass and/or consolidation) (t=0.853, P > 0.05). The lesions showed focal ground-glass opacity in the early stage, 77.78% lesions were absorbed after treatment in the late stage. Inflammatory nodules were absorbed slowly (9-19 days), without residual fibrotic changes. Conclusions The imaging manifestations of COVID-19 in patients younger than 18 years old infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant have certain characteristics, showed patchy or nodular ground glass opacities and/or consolidation, mainly distributed in the subpleural area, with small and few lesions and slow change, didn't remain fibrosis. Being familiar with its clinical and imaging manifestations can assist in early diagnosis, but confirming the diagnosis requires a combination of epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid and radiological manifestations.
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BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first detected in Wuhan, China in 2019 and since then has engulfed the entire globe at an unprecedented pace. The virus has infected all age groups, both males and females with or without symptoms and with significant variations. In this study, we wanted to analyse the data related to demographic features of COVID-19-infected patients mainly focusing on their age, gender and symptoms. METHODS: This was a hospital-based retrospective study that included all laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases which were declared SARS-COV-2 real-time RT-PCR positive by VRDL, SMCH, Silchar from March 2020 to August 2021. Data related to the demographic characteristics of patients with COVID-19 infection was retrieved from the ICMR-COVID-19 portal of the laboratory and analysed. RESULTS: The study included 8065 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases which involved 5605 cases during the first wave and 2460 cases during the second wave of COVID-19, diagnosed from different districts of South Assam. The majority of infected patients were of the younger age group of 20-30 years. The mean age of the patients was almost similar in both waves i.e. 35.9 and 38.4 years. Of the total enrolled patients, 91.7% were reported asymptomatic while 8.3% were symptomatic with fever and cough being the commonest ones. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic is a huge burden on healthcare facilities. The majority of the infected patients presenting to our hospital were young and asymptomatic, thus posing risk to the community. Hence, it is crucial to practice proper hygiene, wearing of masks and complete the vaccination schedule to achieve better vigilance to combat the COVID-19 pandemic more efficiently and effectively.
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Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequent in sepsis (25 to 51%), with high mortality (40 to 80%) and long-term complications. Despite its importance we do not have accessible markers in intensive care. In other entities (post-surgical and COVID-19) the neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet (N/LP) ratio has been associated with acute kidney injury;however, this relationship has not been studied in a pathology with a severe inflammatory response such as sepsis. Objective: To demonstrate the association between N/LP with AKI secondary to sepsis in intensive care. Material and methods: Ambispective cohort study in patients over 18 years who were admitted to intensive care with a diagnosis of sepsis. The N/LP ratio was calculated from admission up to the seventh day and up to the diagnosis of AKI and outcome. Statistical analysis was performed with chi squared test, Cramer's V and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Out of the 239 patients studied, the incidence of AKI developed in 70%. 80.9% of patients with N/LP ratio > 3 had AKI (p < 0.0001, Cramer's V 0.458, OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.602-5.8) and increased renal replacement therapy (21.1 vs. 11.1%, p = 0.043). Conclusion: N/LP ratio > 3 has a moderate association with AKI secondary to sepsis in the intensive care unit. Copyright © 2023 Revista Medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.